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美国智能电网网络安全的研究

郝冠茗，徐驰，唐凯，赵晶晶，孙成烨，于航

（中国科学院沈阳计算所新技术开发有限公司，辽宁 沈阳 110168）

栏目：网络与信息安全 · 第 2025 年第 5 期 · 页码：174-183 · 2096-4706（2025）05-0174-10 · 中图分类号：TP309 · 文献标识码：A · DOI：10.19850/j.cnki.2096-4706.2025.05.033

摘要

智能电网（SG）技术利用先进的网络通信和监控技术来管理和调节发电与输电。然而，这种对技术和通信连接的依赖带来了信息安全风险，从而引发了新的挑战，使SG通信网络容易遭受大规模攻击。文章对智能电网进行了概述，并进一步分析提出了包含关键SG组件和通信链路的全面架构图。这种整体视角增强了对潜在网络威胁的理解，并为SG提供了系统的网络风险评估。此外，提出的分类涵盖了美国国家标准与技术研究所（NIST）网络安全框架的全部五项功能，为组织实现平衡且强大的安全性提供了广阔的视角。研究还发现了关键的研究差距，尤其是在响应和恢复机制方面。这强调了进一步研究以加强SG网络安全的必要性。

关键词

智能电网；通信网络；NIST框架

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作者简介

郝冠茗（1995—)，男，汉族，辽宁沈阳人，工程师，本科，研究方向：网络信息安全、电力系统。