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基于条件扩散模型的未测量流域径流预测方法

张文昭,严华

(四川大学 电子信息学院,四川 成都 610065)

栏目:人工智能 · 第 2025 年第 8 期 · 页码:71-76,82 · 2096-4706(2025)08-0071-07 · 中图分类号:TP391.4;TP183 · 文献标识码:A · DOI:10.19850/j.cnki.2096-4706.2025.08.014

摘要

深度学习已成为径流预测的强大工具,但在未测量流域中,流量观测数据的缺乏使得模型训练和预测通常需要采用迁移学习的方式。然而,目标流域往往没有足够的数据用于微调,导致模型参数难以校准。因此,文章提出一种基于条件扩散模型的未测量流域径流预测方法。该方法包含一个正向加噪过程和一个反向去噪过程。在源流域中训练去噪模型,然后在目标流域上从噪声中恢复数据作为预测结果。此外,通过包含气象驱动和历史径流的条件数据来指导去噪过程,并在去噪模型中引入Transformer层,以捕捉时间和特征的依赖性。通过在CAMELS-US数据集上进行交叉验证实验,结果表明该方法具有优越性。

关键词

径流预测;未测量流域;迁移学习;条件扩散模型;CAMELS-US

参考文献

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作者简介

张文昭(2000—),女,汉族,甘肃定西人,硕士研究生在读,研究方向:基于深度迁移学习的数据稀疏流域日径流预测研究;通信作者:严华(1971—),男,汉族,四川达州人,教授,博士,研究方向:智能信息系统。