文章详情

题名 · 作者 · 摘要 · 关键词 · DOI · 参考文献

室内无人机仓库巷道结构感知路径规划

李波,徐琬玮,丁铭,张恩东,余五一

(南方电网供应链(广东)有限公司,广东 广州 510630)

栏目:计算机技术 · 第 2026 年第 17 期 · 页码:72-78 · 2096-4706(2026)17-0072-07 · 中图分类号:TP242 · 文献标识码:A · DOI:10.19850/j.cnki.2096-4706.2026.17.013

摘要

针对仓库巷道中直巷道、交叉口与窄口并存导致室内无人机路径易贴架、急转且固定权重难以跨场景适配的问题,提出一种基于2.5D分层占据栅格的结构感知自适应代价调度方法。该方法利用ESDF距离场与自由空间骨架完成结构分区,并在Weighted A*搜索中依据区域类型和局部宽度动态调节贴架惩罚与转弯惩罚。实验表明,在S1直巷道与S2交叉口场景中,相比WA*-Fix,所提方法的最小障碍距离由0.57 m、0.52 m提升至0.72 m、0.69 m,转向剧烈程度由3.62 rad、5.95 rad降至3.10 rad、3.40 rad,规划时间仅由36 ms、45 ms增至38 ms、47 ms。结果表明,该方法在保持实时性的同时有效提升了路径安全裕度与平滑性,适用于仓库巷道环境下室内无人机的全局路径规划。

关键词

路径规划;室内无人机;仓库巷道;2.5D分层占据栅格;自适应代价调度

参考文献

  1. [1] Hart P E,Nilsson N J,Raphael B. A Formal Basis for the Heuristic Determination of Minimum Cost Paths [J].IEEE Trans on Systems Science and Cybernetics,1968,4(2):100-107.
  2. [2] Pohl I. Heuristic Search Viewed as Path Finding in a Graph [J].Artificial Intelligence,1970,1(3/4):193-204.
  3. [3] 王尔申,张圣隆,郭婧,等.面向低空经济应用场景的无人机路径规划技术研究综述 [J].电信科学,2025,41(12):27-43.
  4. [4] Meysami A,Kelouwani S,Cuillière J C,et al. An Efficient Indoor Large Map Global Path Planning for Robot Navigation [J/OL].Expert Systems With Applications,2024,248:123388.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.123388.
  5. [5] 杨童瑶.面向路径搜索和任务分配的无人机航迹分层规划研究 [D].太原:中北大学,2024.
  6. [6] Mellinger D,Kumar V. Minimum Snap Trajectory Generation and Control for Quadrotors [C]//Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA),2011:2520-2525.
  7. [7] Yu Y,Nagpal K,Mceowen S,et al. Real-time Quadrotor Trajectory Optimization with Time-triggered Corridor Constraints [J].Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics,2023,46(6):1197-1205.
  8. [8] Noël T,Lehuger A,Marchand É,et al. Skeleton Disk-graph Roadmap: A Sparse Deterministic Roadmap for Safe 2D Navigation and Exploration [J].IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters,2024,9(1):555-562.
  9. [9] Zhu J,Wong M O,Nisbet N,et al. Semantics-based Connectivity Graph for Indoor Pathfinding Powered by IFC-Graph [J/OL].Automation in Construction,2025,171:106019.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2025.106019.
  10. [10] Alqobali R,Alnasser R,Rashidi A,et al. A Real-Time Semantic Map Production System for Indoor Robot Navigation [J/OL].Sensors,2024,24(20):6691.https://doi.org/10.3390/s24206691.
  11. [11] Malang C,Charoenkwan P,Wudhikarn R. Implementation and Critical Factors of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Warehouse Management: A Systematic Literature Review [J/OL].Drones,2023,7(2):80.https://doi.org/10.3390/drones7020080.
  12. [12] Lin H Y,Chang K L,Huang H Y. Development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Navigation and warehouse inventory system based on Reinforcement Learning [J/OL].Drones,2024,8(6):220.https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8060220.
  13. [13] Guzman C J P D,Chua A Y,Chu T S C. Path planning of Multiple Quadrotors with Ultrawideband Localization for Warehouse Inventory Management [J/OL].Journal of Robotics,2024,2024:2566619.https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2566619.
  14. [14] Panupong V,Simon E,Ma Kuseemasae,et al. Locating Charging Stations and Routing Drones for Efficient Automated Stocktaking [J].European Journal of Operational Research,2024,316(3):1129-1145.

基金项目

中国南方电网有限责任公司科技项目“南方电网供应链(广东)有限公司无人机智能化作业在仓储管理中的关键技术及应用研究”(ZBKJXM20240284)

作者简介

李波(1990.09—),男,汉族,四川内江人,工程师,副经理,硕士研究生,研究方向:物资供应管理;通信作者:徐琬玮(2000.11—),女,汉族,广东佛山人,专员,硕士研究生,研究方向:机器学习、边缘计算、联邦学习;丁铭(1998.12—),男,汉族,广东潮州人,专员,硕士研究生,研究方向:物流企业、多中心需求、车辆路径;张恩东(2003.04—),男,土家族,湖南张家界人,专员,本科,研究方向:电力电子变换器优化设计;余五一(2003.05—),男,汉族,湖北云梦人,专员,本科,研究方向:智能电网。