Article Details

Abstract

To address the engineering challenges of wide spectral ranges, high nonlinearity, and difficulty maintaining energy consistency across ports caused by multi-frequency signal coupling, this study introduces a three-level integrated system-level modeling approach. At the top level, this approach uses Harmonic State Space (HSS) to describe switching and harmonic characteristics. The middle level employs envelope/baseband equivalence techniques to achieve wideband and narrowband unification. The bottom level utilizes sparse representation techniques for intermodulation operators to capture nonlinear and intermodulation effects. Through mapping and iterative methods, a unified model for strong and weak coupling is constructed. System-level modeling and verification are performed for a DC-DC switching power supply, a dual-mode (5G NR+LTE) transmitter, a power amplifier, and an antenna link. The experimental data demonstrate that across the entire frequency band, the Normalized Mean Square Error (NMSE) of this model is 3 dB lower than that of the traditional harmonic balancing method, with ACPR performance improved by approximately 2.8 dB. The system also maintains a ±1.2 dBμV peak EMI error constraint, enabling real-time simulation on a GPU/FPGA platform.

Keywords

multi-frequency-domain coupled signal; harmonic state space; envelope/baseband equivalent; intermodulation sparse representation; system-level modeling; engineering application

References

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About the authors

He Runguo (June 1990-), male, Han nationality, from Yantai, Shandong, engineer, master's degree, research direction: computer science and technology.